Yes, other than the reverse polarity, the problem you had was the battery was dead and when you started it up with the new fuse the battery was calling for all the amps it could get. At idle you wont exceed the 30 Amp cartridge rating but once up to speed the fuse was only going to hold so long. Same when you replaced the burnt out one. It lasted as long as it could given the amps passing through it into the battery.
Once the battery has a partial charge the amp demand drops and you wont smoke any more fuses. I know this because I did the same thing used all 3 of my reserve and back up fuses. May have helped that on my last fuse I had to turn the lights on because it had gotten dark. You still may have damaged the regulator/diode in the ALT from the reverse polarity just have to keep and eye on it because it can fail and feed too high a voltage to the battery and cook it.
Once the battery has a partial charge the amp demand drops and you wont smoke any more fuses. I know this because I did the same thing used all 3 of my reserve and back up fuses. May have helped that on my last fuse I had to turn the lights on because it had gotten dark. You still may have damaged the regulator/diode in the ALT from the reverse polarity just have to keep and eye on it because it can fail and feed too high a voltage to the battery and cook it.
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